Internal-combustion engine



Oct. Y22?, 1945. T. B. wooLLEY NTERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGINE 3 Sheets-Sheet1 Filed Deo. 26. 1942 s Wg flr/lkwool/ey INVENTR BY' l' Oct. 23, 1945- TAB. vvvooLLEYl 2,387,707

V INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 26, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 fau/.9BJUa'a/l/ey INVENTOR.

Oct. 23, 1945. T. B. wooLLl-:Y

INTERNAL-COMBSTION ENGINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 26, 1942" yINVENTOR member to the engine shaft.

Patented Oct. 23, 1945 UNITED STATES j PATENT FFICE.

2,387,707 INTERNAL-ooMBUs'rioNENcINE Travis Bain Woolley, Dallas, Tex.Application December 26, 1942, Serial No. 470,168

, (Cl. 12S-8) 12 Claims.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, and the primaryobject thereof is to provide an improved construction of engine of thischaracter whereby a maximum amount of power may be obtained from theamount of `fuel consumed, per pound of engine weight. The attainment ofthis primary object is effected principally by providing power meansmounted on the engine housing and shaft and utilizing the space enclosedby the housing for the use of auxiliary power means partly formed by andcooperating with the first-named power means to secure increased power`of the engine. The invention provides a. new and improved engine whichincludes a plurality of reciprocatory pistons disposed in appropriatecylinders mount' ed on the housing and operating to apply explosivepower directly to a motion transmitting member on the engine shaft, andcooperating abutment means for subdividing the space enclosed by thehousing into, explosion chambers or compartments and also transmittingworking impulses to and `through the motion transmitting The inventionfurther provides novel means for supplying charges of a motive fuel tothe cylinders and explosion chambers and igniting the same at propertime periods, exhausting the spent gases from the cylinders andchambers, and utilizing the motion transmitting member on the u engineshaft as a constituent part of means for operating or controlling theoperation of the pistons and abutment means'for motive fuel chargingactions.

The construction of the engine also provides for a more `direct meansfor utilizing centrifugal force for circulating a coolingagent forcooling certain areas of the engine, and in. general proing cycle, thisterm being made more apparent as the description of the inventionproceeds.

Other objects of the invention will be hereinafter more fully set forthor will become apparent from a perusal of the following detaileddescription, taken in connection with the Aaccompanying drawings, inwhich:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of my engine taken on aline at rightangles to the engine shaft and showing the shaft, its motiontransmitting cam, cylinders and pistons, and related parts; Fig. 2 `is atransverse vertical sectional v1ew taken substantially on the line 2-2of F1g. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional s1de view of lthe engine, the plane ofsection being substan- 4the enginefand also forms the main chamber oftheinner engine, this chamber 33' being divided by a motiontransmittingcam member I and reciprocatoryabutment members 4 into anannular series of explosion chambers or compartments, as indicated at30, 30a, 30h, 30o, 30d, 30e, 3M and 30y,'respectively. i

The cam l is mounted on the hollow drive shaft 2, and this cam is ofdouble-lobed formation, or provided with two lobes or wings la, lbprojecting beyond diametrically opposite sides of the shaft. .The camcarries at the outer or point end of itslobe la a wear-sustainingbushing or roller 63 disposed in a recess 64 for contact with the innersurface of the casing or chamber wall 33 and` to serve as a sealingmember. At 3l is shown in broken lines in Fig. 1` a fuel intake passagefor supply ofmotive fuel to the explosion chambers or compartments ofthe inner engine, this being a drilled passage'through the shaft 2 andcam I which opens at its delivery end through one side ofthe peripheryof the cam in rear of the bushing or roller and which leads outward atone `endof Vtheshaft and is suitably connected in practiceat itsreceiving end with a fuel supply pipe or carburetor (not shown)vsuitably supported on-the engine, i f

-The engine is provided `with a plurality of cylinders indicatedrespectively at Il, Ila, IIb, llc, Hd, Ile, llf, and Hg, each cylinderhaving operating therein a main piston 8 and an auxiliary piston 9. Themain pistons 8 consist of the piston heads 8 which are xed to the outerends of the arms 4 movable therewith in the cylinders.

These arms project through guide openings at the inner ends of thecylinders into the chamber 33 and are provided at their inner ends withcontact heads or rollers E for engagement with the peripheral surface ofthe cam I. The cylinders are closed at their inner ends, except for theguide openings, by bosses or projections 5 formed on the casing wall 33,in which bosses or projections the guide openings are formed, and

each cylinder is provided at its outer end with a closure head I2. Aport 11 is providedin each arm 4 to oonnect-the-portions of the cylinderon opposite sides of the arm. The cylinders'pistons and abutment arms ormembers, together with co-acting parts hereinafter described, cone.

stitute what I term the outer engine. The arms 4 in the operation of thepistons transmit power from the main pistons 8 tg the surface QE the camI in such manner as to rotate the cam, 'which is keyed to the driveshaft 2. .The cam I, cylinders, pistons and abutment rrnembersA 4 whichlatter with' the cam I divide the main chamber 33 into the explosionchambers :t-30g, together with coacting parts hereinafter lescribed,vconstitute what I term the inner enginey in the operation of which theabutments, under the force ofjexplosions in these explcsionlcljiarnbers,V transmit working impulses through the cam I ,to the shaft2 t0 Agive added Rover, te the engine."

It will be noted ,that the drawings show the cylinders ef. 'the cuterengine and the piston arms er ebutments 4 as. seementelly curved and thecylinders disposed in lapping relation to each other about the casing orhousing 33 merely to 'indicate the possibility of'A saving space by the.

'but which are longitudinally slotted 0r formed 'of `spaced side b areor members I0 providing a 'passage Ilia for connecting portions of thecylinders lying on the inner and outer sides ofthe earn/is.4 The heads Sof the pistons 9; are arrangedand movableuin'the cylinders between the'heads 8 of. the pistons 8. and the Cylinder heads I2, The headf isprovided with a fuel feed port or passage 55* opening through its innerand outer faces and-,inte passage Illa.; A check valve (it, Asljiownparticularly in lig.V 4a, controls this portor passage for compressionof a fuelcharge between the headsl 8', 9- ofthe pistons in each"cylinder and the feed of the charge into the Vcombustion chamber 2I ofthe cylinder between the piston head 8 and cylinder headY I2, ashereinafter described.

VGfruide and sealing grooves 1 are provided in the side walls ofthecylinders and these grooves extend outwardly in the cylinder housingWalls 5,4 beyond the cylinder heads I2. The side edges offtne arms 4 andIIJ are fitted to slide snugly 'in these grooves, in which the armsy I0may tr-avel outwardly beyond the heads IZ'tQ allowY the pis- 'ton heads9v to come in close relation to the -heads I2 for thenal compressionVcf-'the charges Vin chambers 2-I. rBallbearings lic'.l are fitted inYgroovesor raceways 4b in the ar'rns 4 and similari'bearings I'Ilb; arentte'd inA grooves or race- Vw-aysiIlc in the arms Ill, which grooves orraQeways are closed/at theV @hdd of the arms, and -these bearings engagethe walls of the grooves 1 to adapt the pistons to travel with ease anda minimum degree of friction. Packing strips IIld, which extend the fulllength of the arms I0 and bear on the walls of the grooves 1, may beused 5 to make a iluidtight seal between the cylinders and arms. It willlbe understood that ports 11 in arms 4 and passages Illa in arms I0insure even pressure of the motive uid in the cylinders adjacent theopposite faces of the arms to prevent l0 the pistons from binding andreduce friction between the pistons and walls ofthe cylinders. The outerends of the arms I0 carry pivot or journal pins which are engaged byjournal sleeves I3 on the adjacent ends of rocker arms or levers 'I5 l5which control the movements of the pistons 9 relative to the pistons 8for Charge forming and motion transmitting actions.

For-med in each of the cylinders is a T-shaped fuel inlet' port I5 whichis in communication with a prim-ary fuel compression chamber I6 formedby portions of the cylinder` wall,V the casingrwall 33 and` wall portionI1- or the housings 54, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, into whichcompression chamber fuel for the formation of fuel charges 2,5 in thecylinder is supplied` through a supply pipe 60 and valve 45 of suitabletype actuated by a rocker arm 41.' periodically operated, as hereinafterdescribed. Pipes 6I! in practice may be connected with a manifoldsupplied from a car- 3,0 bureter or other suitable fuel supplyingdevice. Each explosion compartment s-30g is supplied with fuel at a,proper time periodY through the feed passage 3l which extends inwardlongitudinally from one end of the shaft to about its 35 center andthence; as shown at 3I, radially through the shaft and lobe la of thecam I and terminates in spaced. delivery branches 3Ia opening throughthe periphery of said lobe into the chamber 33', in rear ofI the contactpoint of the 40 lobe in the direction ofrotation of the cam. The fuel inthe counterclockwise rotation ofthe cam is successively supplied to eachexplosion compartment 30, 30g. At its outer ory intake end the passageSI may besuitably connected with a carbureter or otherl fuel supplyingmeans. The shaft 2 is provided at itsV end, opposite the end at whichtheintalrev end of the fuel supply pas-V sage 3I is located, with airinlet passages 51, andV I is. provided at its first named end with airoutlet pass-ages 10. These'passages are separated from each otherrby asuitably formed partition lI, but the passages 51 communicate throughports. 58 with cooling chambers '5l' formed in the lobes of the cam andsaid chambers communicate in turn through outlets 69, IliaV with thepassages 15. In the rotation. of the camair is-drawn into the passages51. and forced into the chambers 5,1" anddischarged through the outlets69,4

69a and passages 10, thus cooling the shaft and 60 cam to. a desirabledegree. Spark plugsl 42 or other igniters maybe used, none'for eachcylinder II, IIg, and o-ne for each compartment 30-.3I1g, toig-nite. thefuel charges. Y Figs. 2 and. 3 show the valve mechanism of the engine,and Eig. 2 the. construction ofthe casingL or housing 33.4 which isformed of circumferentially divided sections 33a, 33h joined together bystud-bolts' In Fig. 2 are also shown the main -ball4 bearings 44.between the casing`3-3` and the drive shaft 2. Thrust bearings betweenthe sections 'ofthe casing 33 and a cam wheel 38 and a race cam 39 areshown at 43y and similar bearing-sbetween the casing sections and shaft2 are shown at 44, The valve assembly includes a push rod 3f!- movablein a guide 31'A and riding at its lower end on the cam track 38, and anexhaust valve 'operated thereby consisting of 'a valve stem 35 having atits lower end a disk or head 35 engaged bythe upper end of said push rod31 and carrying at its upper end a valve 35aI engageable with a seat3512 and normally seated by a spring 35c to close an exhaust passage 34leading from the chamber" 33' to a final exhaust port 36 in the casingsection 33a, rod 31 being actuated by the uneven track of the cam Wheel38 to open the valve against the resistanceof the spring at properintervals. An oil-tight housing 40 encloses the guide 31', cam 38 andthev head 35 and exposed portions offthe rod V31` and stem 35. Anexhaust passage 34, controlled by a valve mechanism of the characterdescribed, is provided for the discharge of spent gases from eachcompartment, which passage is closed by a portion of the adjacent sideof the cam when the compartment is being charged with fuel and while thecharge is being iired for an impulse action, theY passage being thenexposed bythe cam for exhaust ofthe waste gases by the opening movementof the valve 35a.

The controlling arm or lever 16 which is pivotally connected at one endto the outer end of the guide arm I of each auxiliary piston 9 ispivoted at its opposite end on an extension pin 24 mounted on the casingsection 33b and has an angular extension or crank portion 23. The centerof the extension pin 24 is likewise the center ofthe arc of thecylinder, as cylinder II, in which the piston is mounted. This extension23 is slotted to receive a pin 25 on the upper end of a push and pullrod 26 which is mounted to slide in a guideway 21, and which is providedat its lowerV end with a roller 28 which travels in a cam groove 29 inthe cam wheel 39, whereby the arm or lever.16' is operated to move theauxiliary piston 9 inwardly and outwardly in its cylinder for fueladmission and compression and impulse actions.

As previously described, a valve 45 communicates' with each compressionchamber I6 and controls the supply of fuel thereto from a supply pipe66, the valve being normally spring closed and opened and allowed toclose at proper time periods by means of the rocker arm 41 engaged bythe upper end of a rod 46v engaging at Vits lower end a cam surface 4Ion the cam wheel 39, whereby valve controlling `movements are impartedto the rod. A push rod 52, mounted in guides 53 and 12 and riding at itslower end on a cam surface 52 ofthe cam wheel 39, is provided foroperating an exhaust valve device 22, one connected with each cylinderII-I Ig. The rod engages at itsI upper end a rocker arm I mounted on abracket 50 and engaging the stem 50 of the valve 22, which is slidablein a guide 5I', the valve controlling an exhaust port in the cylinderand being normally held closed by a spring 22'. A cover or housing 54'encloses the rocker arm and associated parts of the exhaust valve andconnects with a main housing part 41 which encloses all of the valveoperating parts and cam assemblies above described at the adjacent sideof the engine.V

An oil feed port 32 is provided in the casing part 33h for supply oflubricating oil to the chamber 33' and the surfaces of the cam I. Avalve I8' `disposed at the upper end of a push and pull rod I8 controlsthis port. The lower end of this uncover the port 32 at properintervals." Oil may be supplied to the port 32 from the 'interior of thehousing 41 or from any other suitable source of supply. -As shown,flanges and stud bolts 13 at the bases of cylinders II-I Iy secure thecylinders to the casing sections 33a, 33h.

A slight slanting or sloping position of the inside surface of the cam Iis indicatedat 63' in Fig. 2 immediately below the roller 63 which actsl as a deilector to .guide the cooling air flowing through the cam andto conduct lubricating oil from the casing side 33h through which it issupplied toward the side 33a, in order to secure an even distribution ofthe oil at both sides of the casing and cam.

Reference has heretofore been made to the curved form of the cylindersof the outer engine and that the cylinders may be straight. In thelatter case the construction and operation of the parts described hereinwould be the same except that other means operated by the pull-push rod26 might be used in place of parts 16, 23 to control the movements ofthe auxiliary pistons. It is also obvious that slight rearrangements: inpositions of valve assemblies would be required, but their functionwould remain the same as previously described.

In the operation of the outer engine, and with the roller 63, in cam,assumed to be at 0 degrees, Fig. 1, there is a motive impulse on the camfor each twenty-two and one-half degrees counter-clockwise movement ofthe cam I. At the position shown in Fig. l, heads 8 and 9 of the pistons8 and 9 in cylinder II, at B are in firing position at the beginning oftheir power stroke as the' result of combustion in the combustionchamber 2I of ,cylinder II, the pistons 8 and 9 being movable conjointlyunder the pressure on their heads toward the inner end of the cylinder.Thus piston head 8' of the piston 8 in said cylinder transmits motion toits arm 4 and arm 4 transmits movement to the cam I to rotate it incounter-clockwise direction, and the shaft 2 being keyed to the cam Ialso moves in counterclockwise direction.

With this understanding the general operation of my novel and improveddouble engine is as follows:

The engine structure as disclosed embodies, as stated, an outer enginecomprising eight outer cylinders and pistons operating therein, and aninner engine comprising eight combustion chambers and coacting movableabutments, which abutments act not only as combustion chamber formingmembers but as motion transmitting members forV transmitting the impulseforces from the pistons to the cam I. The cam is provided withperipheral surfaces w, y, z suitably formed to receive the impulseforces from the pistons through the abutments and the working pressurefrom the combustion of the charges in the combustion chambers and toforce the abutments outwardly and permit them to be moved inwardly sothat the cylinders and chambers will operate in timed order and so thatpistons 8 may be operated in properly timed`relation to the pistons 9.The Working operations are such that the cylinders of the cylinder groupare fired Yon each twenty-two and one-half degree movement of the cam Iin its counter-clockwise orbit of rotation. The cylinders each have acomplete four-cycle action on each part of the orbit of rotation of thecam I in which a charge is admitted thereto, the charge compressed, thenred and the spent gases exhausted, and these opera,- tions are repeatedon the next 180 part ofthe the inner engine, which functions throughgthe360 revolution as follows: `Referring to1Fg. 1,; it is to be understoodthat the arrangement -is such that aspark isfurnished to re theexplosive fluid compressed in each chamber as the forward :portion ofthe surface w of the cam engages the abutment 4 forming the rear wall ofsaid chamber in the direction of rotation of the cam. Thus, for example,itcan be assumed that achargecompressed in chamber Sdrhas been fired, asthe forward portion of -cam surface w has passed the abutment 4associated with cylinder Hc, ,which abutment forms the rear wall of saidchamber 3ld. Fig. 1 shows that the surface y of cam is passingthroughthe'chamber BEL-,of which, for-the time being, it forms a wall, andthatA this chamber is being charged with explosive ,fluid through'passage 3|. Passage 3| is always open from the carburetorlto surfaceyofcamil, sorthat, as the exhaust, outlet 36 from chamber30 is closed byits valve 35a and lpassage 3| isthe only opening to or from the chamber,the gradual enlargement ,of the chamber in the travel of thesurfacefycauses a partial Vacuum .to be formed inY the chamber, and a charge ofexplosive fluid to be fed thereto through the passage 3 I With the partsarranged as shown in Fig. 1 it canfbe assumed that chambers. 30e, 3l);eand 39g arecharged with motive fluid, having beenpreviously.,successively,charged by the passage ofthe cam-,surface y'therethrough,- and that the cam surface a. has fully compressed thecharge in chamber-139e, partly compressed the charge in chamber SDfandstarted compression of the charge in chamber. 30g, to progressivelyplace these charges` in condition tobered as and when thesurface wcfthecamn turn enters said chambers and forms a componentv part thereof;Previous to the explosionA in chamber 30d explosions have occurred inchambers 30a,. 3012 and 30e, exhaust fromlchamber `ill'la, istakingplace and is nearly completed, its exhaust 'yalve being open, andexhaust'from chamber "30h-ism progress under the expressing actionof.cam surface its exhaust 'valvehaving shortly Abefore been opened. Invthe example,shownA in Fig. .1L

i the power or impulse period in chamber 3|ldis about `completed andthepower or impulse,

period in chamber o about 77% completed, and` such an interlap in thepower impulses onthecam surface w occurs in adjacent chambersthroughoutthe group of chambersfwhenever said i cam surface passes into'a chamber wherein a charge is fired while it is still traveling througha preceding chamber inwhich aiimpulse action"`is occurring.V In Fig." 1compression in chamberfxe is about 90% completed andfin chamber auf ap!proximately oneethird' completed. As thecam 4|' rotates surface y inpassing through each combustion `chamberwill chargeit; surface willcom'- press the charges, surface w will receive the power impulses and`surface `will expel the exhaust gases as the exhaust valves are openedVIn timing the explosion of charges in the cylinders. I'Ig and chambers3|J,'30gthe spark 'producing means employed may be olf-.a kind to allowa sparkito be advanced or retarded, `in accordance with generalpractice, and the arrangement and action of the cam surfaces, valves andspark mechanism may besuch that the working impulses from the cylindersand explosion chambers on the cam I may be so timed as to give the best4working reand each explosion `chamber Vthe organization showndeliversasingle working impulse to the cam oneach rotationV ofthe cam.Thusin the operation of the cylinders and chambers there are twenty-fourpower strokes delivered-per revolution of the ungeared shaft 2. l l lWhile a water jacket may be added ,to coolthe engine furnishingcirculation from a water pump geared thereto, I have preferred toillustrate it as air-cooled. It will be noted that the air is taken inat point vat one end of the shaft and by centrifugal action forcedthrough to the passages 58 near the center of the shaft into the spacesor chambers 51', in which it is heated, thus reducing air weight, andthe greater weight of the incoming cool air willpush this air outthrough the discharge outlet lll. This outlet may communicate with acarburetor for supplying fuel to chambers :S0-38g, andthe air passingthrough the carbureter` and mixed with fuel may feed back to thepassage` 3| and thence to theoutlet branches 3|', 3|a of the passageopening through thesurface y of the cam `At this point the air, mixedwith gases, will feed from the passage 3| .into the combustion chamberwith which iticommunicates, furnishing a supercharge for said chamber.It will be understood that the engineiwill be equipped with twocarburetors-one for the cyl-` inders i-l Ig and one for the chambersfill-309; The advantages of my improved construction of engine will beevident. rIfhe constant and more even flow of' energy from twenty-four"power strokes in a four-cycle'engine, as obtained inmy engine, is highlyadvantageous in giving greater power and smoothness of operation ascompared with a conventional sixteen-cylinder, four-cycle engine, givingonly eight power strokes per revolution of the main shaft. It will beunderstoodthat this total is arrived at in my engine by obtaining onepower stroke per chamber of the inner engine and two power strokes percylinder in the outer engine cylinders-there being eight of each on eachrevolution of the engine shaft. i l

It will also beconceded anadvantage inthe construction of my engine thatthe more direct control of the reciprocatory pistons eliminates pistonslap or sidewise friction ofthe pistons against the cylinder wallsexisting in the most popular designs in present use. This permitsreduction in size or length of the pistons and l closer fitting, whichfurther reduces friction and makes for more efficient utilization ofcylinder space and reduction of wear. f,

From the foregoing description, taken in coinnection with the drawings,the construction, mode of operation and advantages of my inventonwill ube understood without a further and extended dethan those suggested,which may be employed within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: i l. In an internal combustion engine, thecombination of a shaft, a motion transmitting member on the shaft, acasing, a, set of cylinders mounted thereon, inner and outer pistons ineach cylinder jointly movable in one direction under force of theexplosion of a combustible charge in the cylinder and movableindependently in timed order in the'opposite ldirectionto admit acornbustible charge between the inner and outer pis-` tons and force itthrough the `outer piston and compress it for a subsequent explosion inthe cylinder, motion transmitting abutments for transmitting motion fromthe pistons on' their joint movement to the motion transmitting memberand forming firingchambers Within the casing, means for controlling themovements' of the outer piston in each cylinderwithrespectto thecooperating inner piston, and means for admittingexplosive charges tothe firing chambers and firing the charges in the cylinders and saidchambers- Y 2. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing forminga chamber, a rotary shaft, a motion transmitting, member xed to theshaft to rotate with the shaft in the chamber, a series of cylinderscarriedby the casing, pistons operating the cylinders, motiontransmitting elements movable from an.Y initial position in onedirection bythe pistons on a working motion thereof to transmit motionto the motion transmitting member and adapted' to' be moved' theopposite direction byv the motion transmitting member back to suchinitial position and' to retract the pistons,` said,v elements formingabutmen-ts cooperating with the motion transmitting member to fsubdivide the' chamber into firing compartments,

- for' transmitting motion from the pistons to said member, said membersbeing operative to sub'- divideV the housing chamber into explosioncompartments ,iand means for supplying a combustiblje motive fuel to thecylinders and compartments and firing the charges o f fuel therein.

d, In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a rotary shaft journaledtherein, a motion transmitting cam rotating with the shaft and adaptedto impart motion thereto, a series of cylinders on the housing havingpistons operating therein, abutments coupled to the pistons andcooperating with the cam for forming an inner series ofY explosionchambers and adapted to transmit the forces of explosions in thecylinders and chambers .to the cam, and means for firing the charges ina predetermined order in the cylinders and chambers.

5. InV an internal combustion engine, a. horusing, a,V rotary shaftjournaled therein, a motion.

transmitting cam rotating with the shaft and adaptedto impart motionthereto, an outer series of explosion chambers on the housing, meanscooperating with the cam for forming an inner series of vexplosionchambersV and transmitting Irioton, to the Cam under the forces ofexplosions in both, series of. Chambers, and means for mine the chargesin a. predetermined Order in the climbers. of each series` 6, In oninternal combustion. engine, the oomlinotiorlV of a shaft, a. motiontransmitting o1@- meut on,- tbo shaft, a housing structure about theshaft ondmotiou transmittinslv elementen outer annular sot of explosionchambers carried by the housing, means cooperating with the housing andmotion transmitting elements to form an inner annular set of explosionchambers, and means for admitting explosive charges tol andl ring thecharges in the explosion chambers ofV eachfset and transmitting theforces of the explosions through the rst: named means toV the motiontransmitting element. y

7.' In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a housingforming a chamber, a rotary shaft extending through the chamber, `amotion transmitting mem-ber disposed in the chamber and fixed to theshaft for rotation therewith, a set of cylinders mounted on the housing,pistons operating in the cylinders, motion'transmitting elements movableinthe chamber between thecylinders and motion transmitting member and incontact with the latter for transmitting motion from the pistons to themotion transmitting membergunder the action of ex'-` paridiug gasesA inthecylindeis and forming butments operative in their movements andninYthe rotation of the motion transmitting member` to subdivide the housingchamber into compartments' for the reception and combustionA off fuelcharges therein and the actionfof the expanding gases therefrom on themotion transmitting member, and means for Supplying combustible fuelcharges to the cylinders andtol the compartments and for firing thecharges. therei1 1, .f`

8. In an internaly combustion engine, thecom; bination of, a housingforming a chamben a rotary shaft extending through the chamber, adouble-lobe@- motion, transmitting cam disposed in the chamber and fixedto the shaft forrotation therewith, an annular setr of radial cillindersmounted on they housing, pistons operating, in the cylinders, motiontransmitting elements movable in the chamber between thecylinders andcam and Coupled to the pistons and contacts ing Withthe surfaces-of thecam ,forA transmitting motion lfrom the pistons to the cam under theaction of expanding gasesriin` the cylinders and forming abutmentsoperativeV in theirmovement and in the rotation of the-cam to subdividethe housing chamber into compartments for-the reception and combustionof fuel charges therein and the action of the expanding gases therefromon. the cam, and means for supplying combustible fuel charges. tothecylinders and to the compart- Y ments and for firing the charges thereinIn an internal combustion engine, theicojmbination. ofa housing forminga. chamber, afrotary shaft extending through.- the chamber,` a motiontransmitting cam disposed in the cham! ber and xed to the shaft forrotation therewith, a set o f cylinders mounted on the housing,`pis`tons operating ln the cylinders, motion transmittingelements movable inthe chamber between the cylinders and cam andk in contactv with thelatter for, transmittingA motion from the pistons to the cam under theaction of expanding gases in the cylinders and formingabutmentsoperative in their movements and in,v the rotation of the: camto subdivide the housing chamber into compartmentsffor the reception andcombustion of fuel charges therein and the action ofthe expanding gasestherefrom on the Y cam, and means for supplying combustible fuellchargesto the cylinders and to the compartmentsand nfor ring the chargestherein. K H l I0. In an internal combustion engine, the combination ofa housing, ashaft journaled therein,

a motion transmitting element on the shaft, a,

setof cylnderson the housing, a pair of pistons in each cylinder jointlymovable in one direction under force of the explosion of a combustiblecharge in the cylinder and movable independently in timed order in theopposite direction to admit a combustible ch'arge between the pistonsand forceit through and compress it for a subsequent explosion in thecylinder, a-butments coupled to the pistons for transmitting motion fromthe pistons on their joint movement to the motion transmitting elementand forming therewith explosion chambers in the housing, and means foradmitting combustible charges to the cylinders and chambers and firingthe charges therein.

11. An internal combustion engine comprising a housing forming achamber, a rotary shaft extending through the chamber, a double-lobed`opposite direction by the cam for retraction and to retract the pistons,and means for admitting explosive charges to the cylinders and to thecompartments and for firing the same toproduce explosive forces foraction on the pistons in the cylinders and on the abutments forming thecompartments.

12. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing forming a chamber,a rotary shaft journaled therein, a motion transmitting doublelobed camfixed to the shaft to rotate with the shaft in the chamber, a series ofcylinders carried by the casing, an inner piston and an outer pistonoperating in each cylinder jointly movable in one direction under forceof the explosion of a combustible charge in the cylinder and movableindependently in timed order in the opposite direction to admit acombustible charge between the inner and outer pistons and force itthrough the outer piston and compress it for a subsequent explosion inthe cylinder, motion transmitting abutments movable in one direction bythe pistons on a working motion thereof to transmit motion to the camand to subdivide the chamber into ring compartments and adapted to bemoved in the opposite direction by the cam to an initial position and toretract the pistons,

and means for supplying explosive charges to the cylinders and the ringcompartments and for ring said charges in a predetermined order therein.

TRAVIS BAlN` WOOLLEY.

